commuter
Додано: Пон січня 17, 2011 6:43 am
людина, яка регулярно їздить деяку відстань (зокрема на роботу, зокрема з пригороду в місто)
регулярний пасажир?
регулярний пасажир?
Тут варто дати описовий відповідник (можливо, з поясненням у дужках) плюс кілька "неповних" відповідників, бо одним або двома словами це поняття наразі висловити неможливо.
Річ у тім, що commuter - це (а) людина, яка (б) регулярно проїжджає досить значну відстань, щоб (в) потрапити на роботу і повернутися додому, (г) переважно подорожуючи між передмістям і центром міста, і робить це користуючись (ґ) громадським транспортом, (д) часто із сезонним квитком, або (е) власною машиною.
В кожній конкретній ситуації елементи значення а-в обов'язкові, а г-е - факультативні. До того ж, у контексті якась одна (або дві) буде найважливіша, і тоді відповідник має це відбивати. У цій статті варто подати низку прикладів, які показують, як можна назвати цей контингент в різних ситуаціях.
І ще: є сполуки з commuter: commuter train, commuter belt тощо.
Ось кілька прикладів із Oxford Advanced Learners Dictionary (8th ed.), де фігурує слово commuter:
• A group of regular commuters were playing cards. • About a million commuters use the rail network every day. • Commuter services are under a greater strain then ever before. • Commuters are angry at the increase in rail fares. • Commuters from Essex to London face a nightmare journey today. • I could hear the commuter traffic in the distance. • She lives in a small commuter town, 25 miles from San Francisco. • The accident involved a crowded commuter train. • The developments are in the London commuter belt. • The train was packed with commuters. • The village has become the preserve of rich commuters and second home owners. • There has been an increase in the numbers of daily commuters into London. • There have been improvements to commuter lines. • We need to encourage commuters not to drive into the city.
З Лонгмана:
COLLOCATIONS
■ commuter + NOUN ▪ a commuter train/plane (=a train or plane that people use to travel to work in a city) Several commuter trains were delayed because of the bad weather. ▪ commuter traffic The new measures are aimed at reducing commuter traffic into the capital. ▪ a commuter service More money is needed to improve commuter services in the region. ▪ a commuter town/village (=that a lot of people leave each day to travel to work) It’s a commuter town about 40 miles from London. ▪ a commuter line (=a railway line that commuters use) There’s a fast and reliable commuter line across Kent. ▪ a commuter route (=a road or railway line that commuters use)
■ ADJECTIVES/NOUN + commuter ▪ a daily commuter Thousands of daily commuters pour into the city. ▪ a regular commuter He was a regular commuter between Cambridge and London. ▪ a long-distance commuter The fare increases will be bad news for long-distance commuters. ▪ a suburban commuter The majority of suburban commuters were unable to get to New York. ▪ a morning commuter By 7:30 the roads are jammed with the usual morning commuters. ▪ a rail commuter (=a commuter who travels by train) Rail commuters face severe delays because of engineering works.
сommuter plane
▪ So-called commuter planes that carry up to 150 passengers whisper rather than roar because they use the latest propeller technology. rail ▪ Caltrain carries more bicyclists than any other commuter rail system in the United States, according to Caltrain officials. ▪ Amtrak holds the Caltrain contract to run the commuter rail service that runs between San Francisco and Gilroy. ▪ Caltrain contracts with Amtrak to operate the commuter rail line, which accommodates 26, 000 daily riders.
commuter traffic
▪ It was a good run into the city, against the outgoing commuter traffic. ▪ I could faintly hear the distant rumble of commuter traffic from my bedroom - a reminder of what I had temporarily escaped. ▪ This company actively promoted commuter traffic, completing its electrification programme by 1931. train ▪ The cab control car of a commuter train being pushed from the rear collided head-on with an Amtrak diesel locomotive. ▪ Today the manager of personnel makes a point of sitting next to his old friend on the daily commuter train. ▪ Priority projects are double-decker commuter trains and more money for the West Coast line. ▪ Caltrain runs commuter trains to both destinations and to other Silicon Valley cities, culminating in San Francisco.
EXAMPLES FROM OTHER ENTRIES ▪ Each region has one organization controlling buses and operating its commuter trains. ▪ It was a small shop that catered to commuters and local workers.
EXAMPLES FROM CORPUS ▪ How much this will do for the hard hit Darlington to Hartlepool commuter is anyone's guess. ▪ If a strike does take place, commuters in the Northeast would be severely affected. ▪ Other things being equal, commuters prefer lower money costs and faster travel. ▪ Over the ensuing days traffic and commuters in London were seriously disrupted by hoax bomb warning calls which led to station closures. ▪ The impact derailed the leading carriage and commuters had to use buses between Bishop Auckland and Shildon. ▪ We lived in Belleville, New Jersey, a commuter town at the northern fringe of Newark. ▪ With the vast majority of suburban commuters unable to get to New York, brokerage firms were operating with skeleton staffs.
